Allegory
Allegory: 1. the expression by means of symbolic fictional figures and actions of truths or generalizations about human existence; also an instance (as in a story or painting) of such expression. 2. a symbolic representation: emblem. (Websters 30). 
"Allegory, in some sense, belongs not to medieval man but to man, or even to mind, in general. It is of the very nature of thought and language to represent what is immaterial in picturable terms" (C.S. Lewis).
"The whole point of allegory is that it does not need to be read exegetically; it often has a literal level that makes good enough sense all by itself. But somehow this literal surface suggests a peculiar doubleness of intention, and while it can, as it were, get along without interpretation, it becomes much richer and more interesting if given interpretation" (Fletcher).
http://bis.midco.net/galendg/aguild/index.html
The Allegory Guild
http://religion.rutgers.edu/iho/allegory.html
Philosophy & Allegory
http://www.artistresource.org/Nendza.htm
An Allegory of Art and Science